Cytopathology | Apollo Hospitals

What is
Cytopathology

Cytopathology is the study of individual cells to detect disease. Unlike histopathology, which examines tissue structure, cytopathology focuses on cellular detail, allowing doctors to identify whether a growth or abnormality is benign, pre-cancerous, or cancerous using minimal and less invasive samples.

This approach is especially valuable in women’s cancers, where early and accurate diagnosis can significantly influence treatment decisions. By analyzing cells obtained through techniques such as pap smears, fine needle aspiration (FNA), or body fluid sampling, cytopathology often provides faster answers with minimal discomfort to the patient.

At Apollo Athenaa, our specialized pathology team integrates advanced cytology techniques to support early detection, reduce unnecessary surgeries, and guide precise, personalized care.

key
Features

Discover the core highlights of our services, designed to deliver accuracy, comfort, and trust at every step.

Multi-angle imaging reveals small tumours hidden by overlapping tissue.

High accuracy in dense breasts, where traditional mammograms can be limited.

Dual-mode capability — 2D and 3D images can be acquired in one exam.

Low radiation dose, well within international safety limits.

Interpreted by expert breast radiologists as part of our comprehensive screening and diagnostic services.

How It
Works

At Apollo Athenaa, cytopathology offers precision to provide accurate diagnoses and guide personalized treatment plans.

Cell Collection: Cells are collected using minimally invasive methods such as Pap smears, fine needle aspiration (FNA), or body fluid sampling.
Liquid-Based Cytology (LBC): The sample is preserved in a liquid medium to create clean, uniform slides with fewer obscuring elements, improving diagnostic clarity.
Cell Block Preparation: When required, collected cells are processed into tissue-like blocks, allowing more detailed examination and additional testing similar to a biopsy.
Immunocytochemistry (ICC): Special stains and antibodies are applied to identify specific cellular markers, helping distinguish benign from malignant cells and determine cancer type.
Expert Interpretation: Experienced pathologists examine the cells under a microscope and correlate findings with clinical information to deliver an accurate diagnosis.